Imikorere y’urubuga rufasha izindi mbuga

Intangiriro

Murakaza neza kurubuga rufasha izindi mbuga kwisi

Amamiliyoni yimbuga za interineti ku isi yose akoresha uburyo bw’imicungire nubufasha bw’urubuga rufasha izindi mbuga (WordPress). Gusobanukirwa isano nyamukuru hagati yimikorere numutekano nibyingenzi kugirango intsinzi yurubuga rwawe rufasha mukuzamura izindi mbuga, utitaye ko ukoresha urubug kugiti cyawe, ubucuruzi bwa bucuruzi bwo kuri murandasi, cyangwa urubuga rwibigo runaka.

Sobanukirwa isano iri hagati yimikorere n’umutekano: Impamvu y’imikore n’umutekano by’urubuga rufasha mukubaka izindi mbuga

Imikorere y’urubuga rwawe rufasha mukwamamaza no guteza imbere izindi mbuga ningirakamaro mukugaragaza no kongera abasura urubuga rwawe, aho kwitabwaho ari bigufi kandi hari nabo muhanganye benshi bakomeye. Abakoresha bashobora kuva kurubuga rukora buhoro, rushobora no kwangiza izina ryawe kuri murandasi no kwangiriza urugero rwimihindukire. Ariko, niba umutekano wurubuga rwawe uhungabanye, kwemeza imikorere myiza ntibihagije. Usibye kurinda amakuru yawe, urubuga rwizewe rurinda abakoresha ibyago byo kuri murandasi. Ihungabana ry’umutekano rishobora kuvamo gutakaza amakuru yoroheje, kutubahiriza amakuru, hamwe n’ingaruka zikomeye zemewe n’amategeko. Kubwibyo, kugirango urubuga rufasha mukubaka izindi mbuga rukore neza, imikorere numutekano bigomba kuba byiza.

Gukora neza

A.Gusuzuma Imikorere

Muri iki gihe Gusuzuma umuvuduko uhagije wurubuga rwawe rufasha mukubaka izindi mbuga nintambwe yambere mugutezimbere imikorere yarwo. Usibye gutesha umutwe abakoresha, imbuga zikora buhoro zigira ingaruka muburyo bw’ishakisha. Gusesengura imikorere yurubuga rwawe ukoresheje GTmetrix cyangwa Google PageSpeed Insight kugirango ubone inzitizi zose zibangamira umuvuduko nubushobozi bw’urubuga.

B. Gukwirakwiza imikorere myiza y’uburyo busangiza murandasi

Guhitamo Urubuga rwiza ruhuza izindi mbuga

Ni ngombwa guhitamo sosiyete izwi kandi ikora neza. Umucungamutungo wizewe yemeza byihuse ibisubizo by’ububiko busangiza murandasi kuri mudasobwa, igihe gito, hamwe nibiranga umutekano. Kugirango wongere umuvuduko no kwizerwa, shakisha abasura urubuga bashya bafite ibikorwa remezo bikomeye, tekinoroji yo gutezimbere, hamwe nuyoboro wo gutanga ibintu (CDN).

Gukoresha imiyoboro yo gutanga ibintu

Ukoresheje CDN, ushobora kwemeza neza ko abakoresha bakira umutungo uva mububiko busangiza bwegereye aho baherereye, nkamafoto, inyandiko, hamwe nurupapuro. Nkigisubizo, ubukererwe buragabanuka, gukoresha umurongo mugari urakoreshwa neza, kandi muri rusange imikorere itera imbere.

Gufata ubuhanga bwashyiriweho kongera umuvuduko urubuga rukoreraho

Koresha ikorana buhanga rifasha imbuga nka WP Rocket cyangwa W3 total cache kugirango ushoboze uburyo bwo kubika kugirango ibintu bibyara umusaruro bibikwe nka dosiye zihamye. Uburyo bwa cache butezimbere ubunararibonye bwabakoresha mukugabanya umutwaro w’ububiko busangiza imbuga, kugabanya ibyifuzo byububiko, no kwihuta k’urubuga.

C. Kunoza igishushanyo mbonera cyurubuga niterambere

Kunoza dosiye yibitangazamakuru n’amashusho Ukoresheje uburyo nka ImageOptim cyangwa Smush, ushobora kugabanya ingano yifoto namakuru yibitangazamakuru bidasabye imbaraga nyinshi. Izi dosiye zishobora guhagarikwa kugirango byihutishe ishakisha udatakaje ubwiza bugaragara neza.

Mugabanye ibyifuzo bya HTTP

Igihe cyishakisha cy’urubuga cyiyongera hamwe nibisabwa na buri HTTP kugira ngo ikore. Guhuriza hamwe inyandiko nimbonerahamwe, guhuriza amashusho menshi kurupaouro rumwe, kandi wirinde gukoresha ibikoresho byo hanze kugirango ugabanye ibisabwa.

Kongera Umuvuduko w’ urubuga Ukoresheje uburyo bwo gutegereza ishakisha ry’ urubuga kugeza igihe umukoresha abishakiye

Urubuga rwawe rushobora gushakisha ibintu bigaragara ubikesha uburyo bwo gutegereza ishakisha ry’ urubuga(lazy loading), gutinza ishakisha kugeza igihe bikenewe. Kugirango wihutishe igihe cyambere cyo kwikorera, koresha ikoranabuhanga rifasha imbuga nka Lazy Load na WP Rocket cyangwa insanganyamatsiko ikubiyemo iyi mikorere.

D. Gutezimbere Kode

CSS na JavaScript nka dosiye ibika

Niba ushaka kugabanya no guhuza dosiye ya CSS na JavaScript, koresha progaramu nka Autoptimize cyangwa WP Rocket. Kuberako dosiye ntoya nibibazo bike nkigisubizo, paji zurubuga zitanga vuba.

Gutanga no Guhagarika Ibikoresho bigomba kuvaho

Menya kandi ukureho ibikoresho bibuza mugaragara k’ urubuga. Gutezimbere umuvuduko rusange, shyira imbere ibiranga async, gutinza imikorere ya JavaScript, no guhuza ibikoresho byingenzi.

Kugabanya amahuza yangiritse no kuyobora

Usibye gutesha umutwe abaguzi, guhinduranya kenshi no guhuza amahuza bigira ingaruka mbi kumikorere. Menya neza ko kongera kuyashyira kumurongo bibungabunzwe byibuze, buri gihe ugenzure imiyoboro yangiritse, kandi uhindure imiterere ya URL kubantu bombi n’uburyo bw’ishakisha.

E. Kunoza amakuru abikwa muri mudasobwa

Kunoza no guhanagura ububiko bw’urubuga rugaragaza izindi mbuga

Koresha ikoranabuhanga rifasha urubuga gukora neza nka WP-Optimize cyangwa WP-Sweep kugirango uhanagure kenshi amakuru adakenewe, ibitekerezo bibi, hamwe no guhindura ibyahinduwe mububiko bwawe. Ububikoshingiro bushobora kunozwa kugirango bugabanye ubunini bwabwo no kuzamura imikorere muri rusange.

Ikoranabuhanga rifasha imbuga gukora neza n’ Insanganyamatsiko Yasubiwemo

Kumikorere Suzuma imikorere n’ingaruka z’ ikoranabuhanga rifasha imbuga gukora neza hamwe ninsanganyamatsiko zikorwa kurubuga rwawe. Kuraho uburyo bw’ikoranabuhanga bufasha urubuga budakenewe cyangwa ibikoresho-byibandwaho cyane, hanyuma uhitemo ninsanganyamatsiko zihuta zoroshye kandi nziza.

Gukoresha Ububikoshingiro hifashishijwe cache

Shyira mubikorwa ububiko bwamakuru hifashishijwe cache ukoresheje ikoranabuhanga rifasha imbuga gukora neza rya Redis object caching, nkurugero. Caching igabanya ibikenewe kububiko bwibibazo byasubiwemo, bikorohereza ububiko busangiza kandi byihutisha ibihe byo gusubiza.

A. Kuzamura umutekano. Ingamba zumutekano z’urubuga rugaragaza izindi mbuga kuri murandasi

Kuvugurura ingamba z’urubuga rugaragaza izindi mbuga kuri murandasi

Kuvugurura ibyibanze by’urubuga kugirango ukoreshe amakuru yumutekano no gukosora amakosa. Kuvugurura bikosora amakosa kandi birinda urubuga rwawe ibyago bishobora kuba.

Gukoresha no Gusobanukirwa ikoranabuhanga rifasha imbuga gukora neza muburyo bw’umutekano

Kunoza umutekano wurubuga, koresha ikoranabuhanga rifasha imbuga ryumutekano nka Wordfence, Sucuri, cyangwa iThem security. Ubu buryo butanga imikorere harimo kugaragaza virusi, kurinda ibyangiriza urubuga no kwirinda bihutaza urubuga (brute-force).

Umukoresha Ukomeye wemeza Imyitozo no Gushyira mubikorwa

Shishikariza abakoresha gushyira mubikorwa uburyo bubiri mugufungura amakuru (2FA) no kubahiriza uburyo bw’ijambo ry’ ibanga kugirango barusheho kurinda konti zabo. Menyesha abakoresha uburyo bwiza bwo gucunga ijambo ryibanga.

B. Kurinda ikoranabuhanga rifasha urubuga rugaragaza izindi mbuga gukora neza hamwe ninsanganyamatsiko

Guhitamo Insanganyamatsiko n’ikoranabuhanga rifasha imbuga gukora neza ryizewe kandi ritekanye

Kwinjizamo insanganyamatsiko n’iryo koranabuhanga birasabwa gusa kuba biva ahantu hizewe, nkububiko bw’urubuga rugaragaza izindi mbuga kuri bwemewe cyangwa abaterankunga bishingirwa. Mbere yo gushiraho insanganyamatsiko cyangwa ikoranabuhanga iryariyo ryose, menya neza ko rihuye, soma ibyakoreshejwe, kandi urebe inshuro zigezweho.

Kuvugurura ikoranabuhanga rifasha imbuga gukora neza ninsanganyamatsiko buri gihe

Komeza imikorere iheruka yinsanganyamatsiko yashizweho. Ivugurura risohorwa kenshi nabateza imbere(developers), bakemura amakosa yumutekano no kuzamura ibiranga imikorere myiza numutekano ntarengwa.

Kumenya intege nke ninsanganyamatsiko n’ikoranabuhanga rifasha imbuga gukora neza

Kora isuzuma ryintege nke zinkomoko cyangwa ukoreshe abahanga kugirango ushakishe umutekano muke mumasoko yinkomoko yinsanganyamatsiko yawe hamwe nikoranabuhanga rifasha mumikorere y’urubuga kugirango wizere neza.

C. Ububiko busangiza n’urubuga ruhuza ngamba z’umutekano

Gufatanya namasosiyete azwi ahuza imbuga

Hitamo sosiyete ihuza imbuga ishyira imbere cyane umutekano. Shakisha abahuza batanga uburyo bwo kumenya iterabwoba, kugenzura ububiko buhoraho, hamwe ningamba zo kugabanya ingaruka z’umutekano.

Gushiraho Abakoresha Kubona no Kwemererwa kubona dosiye zizewe

Kugirango wirinde kwinjira utabifitiye uburenganzira dosiye cyangwa ububiko bworoshye, reba neza ko uburenganzira bwa dosiye bukwiye bwashyizweho. Kugira ngo wirinde ingaruka cyangwa kutubahiriza amakuru, gabanya uburenganzira bwabakoresha kumakuru yose.

Uburyo birinda urubuga guterwa (WAF)

Ishyirwa mubikorwa GukoreshaUrubuga rwa Firewall (WAFs) kugirango wirinde ibitero bikunze kugaragara kurubuga nko kubuzwa kwabakoresha kubona amakuru kurubuga (DDoS), SQL, hamwe n’inyandiko zambukiranya urubuga (XSS). Urubuga rwawe rurinzwe ibyago bishobora guterwa na WAFs.

D. Imyitozo myiza yibanze kumukoresha muby’ umutekano

Guha Abakoresha Inyigisho zijyanye nijambo ryibanga

Menyesha abakoresha bawe agaciro ko gushyira ijambo ryibanga kuri konti zabo. Teza imbere imikoreshereze yijambo ryibanga kandi utange amabwiriza yo guteza imbere ijambo ryibanga rikomeye.

Ibisabwa mukwemeza uburyo bubiri bw’ibanga (2FA)

Gushoboza no gushyira mubikorwa uburyo bubiri bw’ibanga kugirango ushimangire umutekano wa konti zabakoresha. Abakoresha basabwa gutanga uburyo bwa kabiri bwo kugenzura bakoresheje ubu buryo bwo kwemeza, muri rusange igikoresho kigendanwa.

Kugabanya uburenganzira bwabakoresha no kugerageza kwinjira

Gabanya umubare winjira ugerageza gukumira ibitero bihutaza urubuga. Shiraho inshingano zabakoresha ninshingano zo kurushaho kubuza kwinjira no guhagarika ibikorwa bitemewe kurubuga rugaragaza izindi mbuga kuri murandasi

E. Kwitegereza no gucunga ibyabaye

Gushiraho Urubuga rwo kugenzura umutekano

Huza ibisubizo byo gukurikirana umutekano nka Wordfence cyangwa Sucuri kugirango ukurikirane ibikorwa bidasanzwe, guterwa nibitero, cyangwa amakosa yumutekano kurubuga rwawe.

Gutegura Gahunda yo Gusubiza Ibyabaye

Kugira ngo ukemure ibibazo byumutekano byihuse, kora gahunda isobanutse neza yo gusubiza ibyabaye. Izi ngamba zigomba kuba zikubiyemo gutandukanya ibibazo byurubuga rwawe, kureba icyabiteye, no gukora vuba kugirango ushyireho ingamba zo gukosora.

Mubisanzwe ukora ubugenzuzi bwumutekano hamwe nisuzuma ryihariye

Kora igenzura ryuzuye ryumutekano hamwe nisuzuma ryihariye muburyo buhoraho kugirango umenye intege nke n’ahantu ushobora kugera. Iri suzuma rigufasha kuguma imbere yingaruka zishobora kubaho kandi byemeza umutekano wurubuga rugaragaza izindi mbuga kuri murandasi (WordPress).

Incamake

Gusubiramo imikorere n’umutekano by’ingenzi

Kuzamura umutekano n’imikorere nibintu byingenzi byurubuga rwiza rugaragaza izindi mbuga kuri murandasi. Urubuga rushobora guteza akaga kandi rwihuta rushobora kugabanya uruhare rwabakoresha, guhungabanya umutekano wamakuru, no kwangiza ikirango cyawe kuri murandasi. Ushobora kugera ku ntera nziza kandi ukarinda urubuga rwawe kwirinda ingaruka z’umutekano wawe ushyira mubikorwa ubushishozi bwingenzi buvugwa muriyi ngingo.

Amasomo y’ingenzi yo kunoza imikorere y’urubuga rwawe rugaragaza izindi mbuga

Suzuma imikorere yawe ubu kugirango ubone ahakenewe gushyirwamo ingufu

Hitamo urubuga rwizewe kandi ukoreshe umuyoboro wogutanga ibikorwa(CDN).

Kunoza imikorere yubushakashatsi bwurubuga rwawe, code, n’amakuru yibanze Kuvugurura intangiriro y’urubuga, insanganyamatsiko, n’ikoranabuhanga rifasha imbuga gukora neza birasabwa.

Ingamba zingenzi zo kurinda urubuga rugaragaza izindi mbuga kuri murandasi

Kuvugurura intangiriro y’urubuga insanganyamatsiko, n’ikoranabuhanga rifasha imbuga gukora neza buri gihe.

Koresha uburyo bukomeye bwo kwemeza no gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rifasha mubyumutekano Iryo koranabuhanga ninsanganyamatsiko zituruka ahantu hizewe bigomba kuba bifite umutekano.

Korana nurubuga rwizewe hanyuma ushire uburyo birinda urubuga(WAF) mumwanya.

Gabanya uburenganzira bwabakoresha, bisaba 2FA, kandi utegeke abakoresha gukoresha ijambo ryibanga rikomeye.

Komeza umutekano wurubuga rwawe kandi ushireho gahunda yo gusubiza ibyabaye.

gukora isuzuma risanzwe rifatika no kugenzura umutekano wurubuga

Ibibazo

Nigute nshobora kongera umuvuduko wishakisha kurubuga rwanjye rugaragaza izindi mbuga?

Suzuma imikorere yawe, hitamo ihuzwa ry’imbuga ryiza, ukoreshe umuyoboro wo gutanga ibikorwa(CDN), uhindure amashusho namadosiye, ugabanye ibyifuzo bya HTTP, ukoreshe uburyo bwogutegereza Mugihe ishakisha kugeza igihe abakoresha babyemeye(lazy loading) ukoreshe CSS na JavaScript, ukureho ibikoresho bihagarika urubuga, kugabanya ibyerekezo no guhuza imiyoboro, kandi uhindure ububikoshingiro.

Ni ubuhe butumwa bukunze kugaragara murubuga rugaragaza izindi mbuga kuri murandasi?

Intege nke zisanzwe zirimo ibikorwa bijyanye nabakoresha, ibibazo byumutekano bijyanye n’ububiko busangiza, ijambo ryibanga ridakomeye, ikoranabuhanga ritagikoreshwa, insanganyamatsiko / ikoranabuhanga rifasha imbuga gukora neza ridafite umutekano, hamwe n’ibikorwa bifitanye isano n’abakoresha.

Urubuga rwamamaza izindi mbuga kuri murandasi rusaba gukoresha ikoranabuhanga ry’umutekano rifasha imbuga gukora neza?

Gukoresha ikoranabuhanga ry’ umutekano ritanga urwego rwumutekano kandi rikanoza umutekano rusange wurubuga rwawe nubwo urubuga rusanzwe rufite ibintu byinshi byumutekano.

Umutekano wurubuga rwanjye ushobora guhungabanywa no kwihuza nizindi mbuga?

Niba izindi mbuga kurubuga rumwe zifite intege nke, gusangira bishobora kugira ingaruka kumutekano wurubuga rwawe. Ingaruka nkizo zishobora kugabanuka muguhitamo sosiyete izwi kandi itekanye kurubuga ruhuza imbuga.

Ni kangahe nkwiye gukora isuzuma ryumutekano kurubuga rwanjye rwamamaza izindi mbuga kuri murandasi?

Kugirango ubone kandi ukosore intege nke zose, ubugenzuzi bwumutekano bugomba gukorwa. Inshuro zibi bigenzurwa zishingiye ku mpinduka nyinshi, zirimo abasura urubuga, akamaro k’ubucuruzi, hamwe no kuzamura cyangwa impinduka zakozwe kurubuga rugaragaza izindi mbuga kuri murandasi.